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2022/12/10

5G發展的必備條件:Low PIM值

5G建設近年於無線通訊基礎設施產業中蓬勃發展,因具有更快的傳輸速度、高頻寬、高密度及低延遲等特點,有利發展大數據、人工智慧、物聯網等服務,可以透過加值創新應用轉換以實現城市和其他行業的基礎與自動化的交通建設。
 
同時由於5G基地台因功率提高,對元件的功率密度、功率效率與可靠度更為要求,更靈敏的接收器、更高功率的發射器,與PIM 相關的潛在隱憂,也逐漸成為近代通訊工程的主要挑戰。
 
佳楠提供之Low PIM 同軸連接器(低無源互調),系列介面包含 N 型、TNC、SMA、MCX、SMP、SMPM 和 7/16,以及電纜組件和適配器。在這篇文章中,我們將特別介紹我們的Low PIM 產品線的7/16 和 N 型,屬於Low PIM 應用中最常用的兩種介面系列。
 

快速導讀

為什麼我需要Low PIM連接器?

如何降低PIM值

Low PIM 連接器簡介

7/16 DIN系列

N型系列

總結


 

為什麼我需要Low PIM連接器?

PIM 的概念簡單說就是要有良好通信品質,對於是無線通訊工程而言這是一個重要挑戰,諸如 4G 和 5G LTE,這些相關應用都希望能夠最大限度地提高其網路的可靠性、數據傳輸速率、容量和投資收益。

深入了解由被動件非線性所引起的PIM相關應用挑戰,並提供完整的Low PIM解決方案,於無線通訊工程非常重要。我們以Low PIM天線為例,Low PIM 射頻分路器和相關電纜、連接器和其他無源組件可幫助顧客避免升級相關組件的昂貴要求,並確保不會因為PIM而造成信號傳輸中斷。
 
 

如何降低PIM值

一般而言,PIM是由兩個或多個射頻訊號混合所產生的無用訊號,由傳輸路徑中被動元件如天線、電纜或連接器的非線性高功率混頻所引起的結果。
非線性混頻越多,PIM值的影響就越嚴重。佳楠透過下列這三個設計方向,以此降低並最小化PIM值的影響,同時改進連接器的設計:
 

1. 避免接點處缺陷

通常因為製造缺陷與相關製造技術的缺乏,導致在製造程序中,Low PIM連接器會有中心觸點鬆散以及冷焊點(假焊)的情況發生,進一步造成PIM值的攀升。
 
憑藉豐富的設計經驗和開發能力,佳楠透過嚴格的製造程序來控制公差,並利用相關檢測工具,測量從加工到出貨的尺寸,以最大化降低連接器損壞、冷焊點(假焊)或焊接點破裂與接觸不良的可能性。
 
使用符合國際標準介面的設計進行製造,並提供組裝人員適當培訓,建立完整的組裝檢驗流程,都是讓佳楠能夠避免產品缺陷並進行品質管控的重要因素。
 

2. 避免使用強磁性材料

使用例如鎳或鋼等強磁性材料,其磁性會導致電壓與電流的非線性,從而產生PIM,尤其是在高功率電頻的情況下。於是佳楠的Low PIM連接器採用黃銅和銅合金等線性材料製造,磁性極小,有效降低PIM值,滿足了5G、衛星通訊等對Low PIM連接器的性能要求。
 
在電鍍方面,佳楠則是採用非磁性電鍍,如銀或白銅錫三元合金等金屬材質,專門用於降低接點的接觸電阻。 重點在於減少表面接點深度影響的同時,也為平滑的電流訊號傳輸提供適當的鍍層厚度。
 

3. 減少表面汙染

老化、氧化、腐蝕、污垢和生鏽等汙染問題,以及無源器件中任何類型的中斷,都是 PIM值上升的主要因素之一。佳楠透過嚴謹管控生產過程,包括仔細清潔、正確組裝、良好的環境保護和適當的連接器扭矩等重要環節,最大限度地去降低 PIM值。
 
 

Low PIM 連接器(低無源互調連接器)簡介

Low PIM_716 DIN

7/16 DIN

7/16 同軸連接器的設計具有高性能、堅固且穩定等特點,專門被設計於最小化 PIM值。其高頻、低互調和低回波損耗(反射損失)、高功率處理的系列特色,並且透過防水、抗震的規格設計,能夠降低PIM的信號干擾,適合戶外應用,尤其適用於基地台建設、天線和無線通信系統。
 

 

Low PIM_N-Type

N型Low PIM連接器

N型同軸連接器具有低駐波比(VSWR)、低插入損耗、高功率處理能力、堅固的機械結構和通用介面設計,讓N型同軸連接器能夠提供理想的低 PIM值表現。Low PIM N 型連接器採用低損耗結構和防水保護設計,能夠適應同時需要環境抗性和高數據傳輸速率的相關應用,例如無線/Wi-Fi/GSM 基地台等等。
 

 

總結

佳楠所製造的Low PIM 同軸連接器提供低於 -160 dBC 的可靠PIM值性能表現, 解決您產品或專案設計上的 PIM 值挑戰,並制定嚴格的製造工藝來控制加工尺寸和公差。
 
佳楠不僅提供您符合國際介面標準的設計,我們還通過良好的生產監控、質量維護、環境保護和建議扭矩值進行生產,以達到最佳相關性能表現。
佳楠將是您開發 5G 產品與專案的最佳設計合作夥伴,尤其是應用在傳輸系統的現代基地台建設、超靈敏訊號的收發裝置,以及更高需求的傳輸功率等級。
 
如果您需要更進一步的產品資訊,例如PIM值測試報告、外觀3D .step檔案、2D圖面外觀等等,請造訪我們官網的Low PIM產品分類頁面,或者點擊此處連絡我們的專員

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